This week, scientists, politicians, and policymakers gathered in Brussels for a landmark conference.
The aim of this event, organised by members of the European parliament from five different political groups, alongside trade unions and NGOs, is to explore possibilities for a “post-growth economy” in Europe.
For the past seven decades, GDP growth has stood as the primary economic objective of European nations. But as our economies have grown, so has our negative impact on the environment.
We are now exceeding the safe operating space for humanity on this planet, and there is no sign that economic activity is being decoupled from resource use or pollution at anything like the scale required. Today, solving social problems within European nations does not require more growth. It requires a fairer distribution of the income and wealth that we already have.
Growth is also becoming harder to achieve due to declining productivity gains, market saturation, and ecological degradation.
If current trends continue, there may be no growth at all in Europe within a decade.
Right now the response is to try to fuel growth by issuing more debt, shredding environmental regulations, extending working hours, and cutting social protections.
This aggressive pursuit of growth at all costs divides society, creates economic instability, and undermines democracy.
Those in power have not been willing to engage with these issues, at least not until now.
The European commission’s Beyond GDP project became GDP and Beyond.
The official mantra remains growth — redressed as “sustainable”, “green”, or “inclusive” – but first and foremost, growth.
Even the new UN sustainable development goals include the pursuit of economic growth as a policy goal for all countries, despite the fundamental contradiction between growth and sustainability.
The good news is that within civil society and academia, a post-growth movement has been emerging.
It goes by different names in different places: décroissance, Postwachstum, steady-state or doughnut economics, prosperity without growth, to name a few.
Since 2008, regular degrowth conferences have gathered thousands of participants.
A new global initiative, the Wellbeing Economies Alliance (or WE-All), is making connections between these movements, while a European research network has been developing new “ecological macroeconomic models”.
Such work suggests that it’s possible to improve quality of life, restore the living world, reduce inequality, and provide meaningful jobs – all without the need for economic growth, provided we enact policies to overcome our current growth dependence.
Some of the changes that have been proposed include limits on resource use, progressive taxation to stem the tide of rising inequality, and a gradual reduction in working time.
Resource use could be curbed by introducing a carbon tax, and the revenue could be returned as a dividend for everyone or used to finance social programmes.
Introducing both a basic and a maximum income would reduce inequality further, while helping to redistribute care work and reducing the power imbalances that undermine democracy.
New technologies could be used to reduce working time and improve quality of life, instead of being used to lay off masses of workers and increase the profits of the privileged few.
Given the risks at stake, it would be irresponsible for politicians and policymakers not to explore possibilities for a post-growth future. The conference happening in Brussels is a promising start, but much stronger commitments are needed. As a group of concerned social and natural scientists representing all Europe, we call on the European Union, its institutions, and member states to:
1. Constitute a special commission on post-growth futures in the EU parliament. This commission should actively debate the future of growth, devise policy alternatives for post-growth futures, and reconsider the pursuit of growth as an overarching policy goal.
2. Incorporate alternative indicators into the macroeconomic framework of the EU and its member states. Economic policies should be evaluated in terms of their impact on human wellbeing, resource use, inequality, and the provision of decent work. These indicators should be given higher priority than GDP in decision-making.
3. Turn the stability and growth pact (SGP) into a stability and wellbeing pact. The SGP is a set of rules aimed at limiting government deficits and national debt. It should be revised to ensure member states meet the basic needs of their citizens, while reducing resource use and waste emissions to a sustainable level.
4. Establish a ministry for economic transition in each member state. A new economy that focuses directly on human and ecological wellbeing could offer a much better future than one that is structurally dependent on economic growth.
Dr Dan O’Neill, Associate Professor, University of Leeds, UK
Dr Federico Demaria, Researcher, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
Dr Giorgos Kallis, Professor, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
Dr Kate Raworth, Author of ‘Doughnut Economics’, UK
Dr Tim Jackson, Professor, University of Surrey, UK
Dr Jason Hickel, Lecturer, Goldsmiths, University of London, UK
Dr Lorenzo Fioramonti, Professor, University of Pretoria, South Africa
Dr Marta Conde, President of Research & Degrowth, Spain
Dr Kevin Anderson, Deputy Director, Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, UK
Dr Steve Keen, Professor, Kingston University, UK
Dr Saskia Sassen, Professor of Sociology, Columbia University, USA
Dr Ann Pettifor, Director, Policy Research in Macroeconomics (PRIME), UK
Dr Serge Latouche, Université Paris Sud, France
Dr Kate Pickett, Professor, University of York, UK
Dr Susan George, President of the Transnational Institute-TNI, Netherlands
Dr Joan Martinez Alier, Professor, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalonia
Dr David Graeber, Professor, London School of Economics, UK
Dr Juan Carlos Monedero Fernández, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain
Dr Dominique Méda, Professor, University Paris Dauphine, France
Dr Lourdes Beneria, Professor Emerita, Cornell University, USA
Dr Inge Røpke, Professor, Aalborg University, Denmark
Dr Niko Paech, Professor, University of Siegen, Germany
Dr Jean Gadrey, Professor, University of Lille, France
Dr Nadia Johanisova, Lecturer, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
Dr Wolfgang Sachs, Research Director Emeritus, Wuppertal Institut, Germany
Dr Stefania Barca, Senior Researcher, Centre for Social Studies, University of Coimbra, Portugal
Dr Gilbert Rist, Emeritus Professor, Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Switzerland
Dr György Pataki, Professor, Corvinus University of Budapest, Hungary
Dr Simone D’Alessandro, Professor, University of Pisa, Italy
Dr Ian Gough, Visiting Professor, London School of Economics, UK
Dr Iñigo Capellán-Pérez, Researcher, University of Valladolid, Spain
Dr Amaia Pérez Orozco, Researcher, Colectiva XXK, Spain
Dr Max Koch, Professor, Lund University, Sweden
Dr Fabrice Flipo, Professor, Institut Mines Télécom-BS et LCSP Paris 7 Diderot, France
Dr Matthias Schmelzer, Researcher, University of Jena and Konzeptwerk Neue Ökonomie, Germany
Dr Óscar Carpintero, Associate Professor, University of Valladolid, Spain
Dr Hubert Buch-Hansen, Associate Professor, Copenhagen Business School, Denmark
Dr Christos Zografos, Pompeu Fabra University, Spain
Dr Tereza Stöckelová, Associate Professor, Institute of Sociology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Czech Republic
Dr Alf Hornborg, Professor, Lund University, Sweden
Dr Eric Clark, Professor, Lund University, Sweden
Dr Miklós Antal, Researcher, University of Leeds, UK
Dr Jordi Roca Jusmet, Professor, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
Dr Philippe Defeyt, Chairman, Institute for Sustainable Development, Belgium
Dr Erik Swyngedouw, Professor, University of Manchester, UK
Dr Christian Kerschner, Assistant Professor, Modul University Vienna, Austria
Dr Agata Hummel, Assistant Professor, University of Adam Mickiewicz, Poland
Dr Frank Moulaert, Emeritus Professor, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium
Dr Frank Adler, Researcher, Brandenburg-Berlin Institute for Social Scientific Research, Germany
Dr Janne I. Hukkinen, Professor, University of Helsinki, Finland
Dr Jorge Riechmann, Professor, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
Samuel Martín-Sosa Rodríguez, Responsable de Internacional, Ecologistas en Acción, Spain
Dr John Barry, Professor, Queen’s University Belfast, Northern Ireland
Dr Linda Nierling, Senior Scientist, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany
Dr Ines Omann, Senior Researcher, Austrian Foundation for Development Research, Austria
Dr Hug March, Associate Professor, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Spain
Dr Jakub Kronenberg, Associate Professor, University of Lodz, Poland
Yayo Herrero, Miembro del Foro de Transiciones, Spain
Dr Isabelle Anguelovski, Professor, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
Dr François Schneider, Researcher, Research & Degrowth, France
Dr Vasilis Kostakis, Senior Researcher, Tallinn University of Technology, Estonia
Dr Enric Tello, Professor, University of Barcelona, Spain
Dr Andrew Sayer, Professor, Lancaster University, UK
Dr Kate Soper, Emerita Professor, London Metropolitan University, UK
Dr Klaus Hubacek, Professor, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Austria
Dr Brent Bleys, Assistant Professor, Ghent University, Belgium
Dr Jill Jäger, Independent Scholar, Vienna, Austria
Dr Mauro Gallegati, Professor, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Italy
Dr Peadar Kirby, Professor Emeritus, University of Limerick, Ireland
Dr Inés Marco, Researcher, University of Barcelona, Spain
Dr Ivan Murray Mas, Assistant Lecturer, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Spain
Dr Alexandros Kioupkiolis, Assistant Professor, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
Dr Aurore Lalucq, Co-Director, Veblen Institute, France
Dr Gaël Plumecocq, Researcher, French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), France
Dr David Soto Fernández, Associate Professor, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Spain
Dr Christian Kimmich, Researcher, Masaryk University Brno, Czech Republic
Dr Giacomo D’Alisa, Researcher, Centre for Social Studies, University of Coimbra, Portugal
Dr Seth Schindler, Senior Lecturer, University of Manchester, UK
Dr Philippe Roman, Researcher, ICHEC Brussels Management School, Belgium
Dr Lorenzo Pellegrini, Associate Professor, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Netherlands
Dr Erik Gómez-Baggethun, Professor, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Norway
Dr Tommaso Luzzati, Assistant Professor, University of Pisa, Italy
Dr Christoph Gran, ZOE Institute for Future Fit Economies, Germany
Dr Tor A. Benjaminsen, Professor, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Norway
Dr Barry McMullin, Professor, Dublin City University, Ireland
Dr Edwin Zaccai, Professor, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
Dr Jens Friis Lund, Professor, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
Dr Pierre Ozer, Researcher, Université de Liège, Belgium
Dr Louison Cahen-Fourot, Researcher, Institute for Ecological Economics, Wirtschaftsuniversität Vienna, Austria
Dr Tommaso Rondinella, Researcher, Italian National Institute of Statistics, Italy
Dr Julia Steinberger, Associate Professor, University of Leeds, UK
Dr Andrew Fanning, Marie Curie Research Fellow, University of Leeds, UK
Jose Luis Fdez Casadevante Kois, Miembro del Foro Transiciones, Spain
Dr Seema Arora-Jonsson, Professor, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden
Dr Astrid Agenjo Calderón, Lecturer, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Spain
Dr Tom Bauler, Professor, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
Dr Gregers Andersen, Independent Researcher, Denmark
Dr Peter Söderbaum, Professor Emeritus, Mälardalen University, Sweden
Dr Lourenzo Fernandez Priero, Professor, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Dr John R Porter, Emeritus Professor, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
Dr François Thoreau, Senior Researcher, University of Liege, France
Mariagiulia Costanzo Talarico, Researcher, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Spain
Dr Maria Nikolaidi, Senior Lecturer, University of Greenwich, UK
Dr Ekaterina Chertkovskaya, Lecturer, Lund University, Sweden
Dr Stefan Gaarsmand Jacobsen, Assistant Professor, University of Roskilde, Denmark
Dimitar Sabev, Researcher, University of National and World Economy, Bulgaria
Dr Mladen Domazet, Research Director, Institute for Political Ecology, Croatia
Dr Hans Diefenbacher, Professor, University of Heidelberg, Germany
Dr Marco Armiero, Director of the Environmental Humanities Laboratory, Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden
Dr Irene Ring, Professor, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
Dr Christine Bauhardt, Professor, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany
Dr Dominique Bourg, Professor, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
Dr Tomas Ryska, Lecturer, University of Economics, Czech Republic
Dr Filka Sekulova, Researcher, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
Dr Andrej Lukšič, Associate Professor, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
Dr Adrian Smith, Professor, University of Sussex, UK
Dr Serenella Iovino, Professor, Università di Torino, Italy
Dr Helga Kromp-Kolb, Professor, University of Renewable Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
Dr Roberto De Vogli, Associate Professor, University of Padova, Italy
Dr Danijela Dolenec, Assistant Professor, University of Zagreb, Croatia
Dr Alexandra Köves, Senior Lecturer, Corvinus University of Budapest, Hungary
Dr Antoine Bailleux, Professor, Université Saint-Louis – Bruxelles, Belgium
Dr Christof Mauch, Director, Rachel Carson Centre for Environment and Society, Germany
Ajda Pistotnik, Independent Researcher, EnaBanda, Slovenia
Dr Branko Ančić, Researcher, Institute for Social Research for Social Research in Zagreb, Croatia
Dr Marija Brajdic Vukovic, Assistant Professor, University of Zagreb, Croatia
Dr Manuel González de Molina, Professor, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Spain
Dr Kye Askins, Reader, University of Glasgow, UK
Dr Carlos de Castro Carranza, Profesor Titular de Física Aplicada, Universidad de Valladolid, Spain
Dr Annika Pissin, Researcher, Lund University, Sweden
Dr Eva Fraňková, Assistant Professor, Masaryk University, Czech Republic
Dr Helga Kromp-Kolb, Professor, University of Renewable Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
Dr Lidija Živčič, Senior Expert, Focus, Association for Sustainable Development, Slovenia
Dr Martin Pogačar, Research Fellow, ZRC SAZU, Slovenia
Dr Peter Nielsen, Associate Professor, Roskilde University, Denmark
Yaryna Khmara, Researcher, University of Lodz, Poland
Dr Ika Darnhofer, Associate Professor, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Austria
Dr Isabelle Cassiers, Professor, Université catholique de Louvain, Belgium
Dr Mihnea Tanasescu, Researcher, Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) and Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Belgium
Dr Daniel Hausknost, Assistant Professor, Institute for Social Change and Sustainability, Vienna University of Economics and Business, Austria
Dr Christoph Görg, Professor, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Austria
Dr Andreas Novy, Professor, Vienna University of Economics and Business, Austria
Dr Fikret Adaman, Professor, Boğaziçi University, Turkey
Dr Bengi Akbulut, Assistant Professor, Concordia University, Canada
Dr Kevin Maréchal, Professor, Université de Liège, Belgium
Dr Anke Schaffartzik, Researcher, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
Dr Milena Buchs, Associate Professor, University of Leeds, UK
Dr Jean-Louis Aillon, Researcher, University of Genova, Italy
Dr Melanie Pichler, Researcher, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Austria
Dr Helmut Haberl, Associate Professor, Institute of Social Ecology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Austria
Dr Julien-François Gerber, Assistant Professor, International Institute of Social Studies, Netherlands
Dr John Holten-Andersen, Associate Professor, Aalborg University, Denmark
Theresa Klostermeyer, Officer for Sustainability and Social Change, German League for Nature, Animal and Environmental Protection, Germany
Dr Lyla Mehta, Professor, Institute of Development Studies, UK
Dr Geneviève Azam, Professor, Université Jean Jaurès, France
Dr Hermann E. Ott, Professor, University of Sustainable Development Eberswalde, Germany
Dr Angelika Zahrnt, Professor, Institute for Ecological Economic Research, Germany
Dr Melissa Leach, Director, Institute of Development Studies (IDS), University of Sussex, UK
Dr Irmi Seidl, Assistant Professor, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Switzerland
Dr Shilpi Srivastava, Research Fellow, Institute of Development Studies, UK
Dr Elgars Felcis, Researcher, University of Latvia, Chairman of Latvian Permaculture Association, Latvia
Dr Tilman Santarius, Professor, Technische Universität Berlin and Einstein Center Digital Futures, Germany
Nina Treu, Coordinator of Konzeptwerk Neue Ökonomie, Germany
Dr Laura Horn, Associate Professor, Roskilde University, Denmark
Jennifer Hinton, Researcher, Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Sweden
Dr Friedrich Hinterberger, President, Sustainable Europe Research Institute, Austria
Dr Miriam Lang, Assistant Professor, Universidad Andina Simón Bolivar, Ecuador
Dr Susse Georg, Professor, Aalborg University, Denmark
Dr Silvio Cristiano, Researcher, Università degli Studi di Napoli ‘Parthenope’ & Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italy
Dr Petr Jehlička, Senior Lecturer, Open University, UK
Dr Maja Göpel, Professor, Leuphana University, Member Club of Rome, Germany
Dr Geraldine Thiry, Associate Professor, ICHEC Brussels Management School, Belgium
Dr Olivier Malay, Researcher, University of Louvain, Belgium
Dr Richard Lane, Researcher, Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Netherlands
Dr Laura Centemeri, Researcher, National Centre for Scientific Research, France
Dr Stephan Lessenich, Professor, Ludwig Maximilians University, Germany
Timothée Parrique, Researcher, Stockholm University, Sweden
Dr Ludivine Damay, Lecturer, Université libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
Dr Janis Brizga, Researcher, University of Latvia, Latvia
Dr Claudio Cattaneo, Associate Professor, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
Dr Miquel Ortega Cerdà, Advisor, Barcelona City Council
Dr Olivier De Schutter, Professor, Catholic University of Louvain, Belgium
Dr Annalisa Colombino, Assistant Professor, Institute of Geography and Regional Sciences, University of Graz, Austria
Dr Philip von Brockdorff, Head of the Department of Economics, University of Malta, Malta
Dr Sarah Cornell, Senior Researcher, Stockholm Resilience Centre, Stockholm University, Sweden
Dr Ruth Kinna, Professor, Loughborough University, UK
Francesco Gonella, Professor, Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italy
Orsolya Lazanyi, Researcher, Corvinus University of Budapest, Hungary
Dr Eva Friman, Director at Swedesd, Uppsala University, Sweden
Dr Pernilla Hagbert, Researcher, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden
Vincent Liegey, Co-Author of ‘A Degrowth Project’, Hungary
Dr Manlio Iofrida, Associate Professor, University of Bologna, Italy
Dr Mauro Bonaiuti, Lecturer, University of Turin, Italy
Dr Marco Deriu, Researcher, University of Parma, Italy
Dr Eeva Houtbeckers, Postdoctoral Researcher, Aalto University, Finland
Dr Guy Julier, Professor, Aalto University, Finland
Dr Anna Kaijser, Lecturer, Linköping University, Sweden
Dr Petter Næss, Professor, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Norway
Dr Irina Velicu, Researcher, Center for Social Studies, University of Coimbra, Portugal
Dr Ulrich Brand, Professor, University of Vienna, Austria
Dr Christina Plank, Researcher, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Austria
Dr Karolina Isaksson, Senior Research Leader, Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute, Sweden
Dr Jin Xue, Associate Professor, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Norway
Dr Rasmus Steffansen, Researcher, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Norway
Dr Irmak Ertör, Researcher, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
Dr Maria Hadjimichael, Researcher, University of Cyprus, Cyprus
Dr Carlo Aall, Researcher, Western Norway Research Institute, Norway
Dr Claudiu Craciun, Lecturer, National School of Political Studies and Administration (SNSPA), Romania
Dr Tuuli Hirvilammi, Researcher, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
Dr Tuula Helne, Senior Researcher, The Social Insurance Institution of Finland, Finland
Davide Biolghini, Researcher, Rete italiana Economia Solidale (RES), Italy
Dr Pasi Heikkurinen, Lecturer, University of Leeds, UK
Dr Anne Tittor, Researcher, University of Jena, Germany
Dr Dennis Eversberg, Researcher, University of Jena, Germany
Dr Herman Stål, Lecturer, Umea School of Business, Economics and Statistics, Sweden
Dr Hervé Corvellec, Professor, Lund University, Sweden
Dr Anna Heikkinen, Researcher, University of Tampere, Finland
Dr Karl Bonnedahl, Researcher, Umea University, Sweden
Dr Meri Koivusalo, Professor, University of Tampere, Finland
Dr Martin Fritz, Researcher, Bielefeld University, Germany
Dr Daniel Bergquist, Researcher, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden
Dr Yuri Kazepov, Professor, University of Vienna, Austria
Dr Salvador Pueyo, Researcher, Universitat de Barcelona, Catalonia
Dr Lars Rydén, Professor, Uppsala University, Sweden
Patrick ten Brink, Director of EU Policy, European Environmental Bureau, Belgium
Dr Ebba Lisberg Jensen, Associate Professor, Malmö University, Sweden
Dr Alevgul H. Sorman, Researcher, Basque Centre for Climate Change (BC3), Spain
Dr Aram Ziai, Professor, University of Kassel, Germany
Dr Panos Petridis, Researcher, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Austria
Dr Gary Dymski, Professor, University of Leeds, UK
Dr Markus Wissen, Professor, Berlin School of Economics and Law, Germany
Dr Wendy Harcourt, Professor, International Institute of Social Studies of Erasmus University, The Netherlands
Dr John Barrett, Professor, University of Leeds, UK
Dr Silke van Dyk, Professor, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Germany
Dr Vasna Ramasar, Senior Lecturer, Lund University, Sweden
Danijela Tamše, Managing Editor of the Journal for the Critique of Science, Imagination, and New Anthropology, Slovenia
Dr Camil Ungureanu, Associate Professor, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Spain
Dr Mirela Holy, Lecturer, VERN’ University of Zagreb, Croatia
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